Bone Contusions to the Knee: Causes, Types, and Symptoms
A bone contusion, or bone bruise, is an injury to the bone that causes localized swelling, pain, and bruising. Bone contusions to the knee typically occur due to trauma or impact, such as from a fall, sports injury, or direct blow to the knee. While not as severe as a fracture, bone contusions can still result in significant pain and limited mobility.
Causes of Bone Contusions to the Knee
Bone contusions in the knee are commonly caused by:
- Direct Trauma: A direct blow to the knee, such as during contact sports (football, basketball) or from a fall, can cause a bone bruise.
- Overuse or Repetitive Stress: Repeated stress or strain on the knee, especially in high-impact activities, may contribute to bone contusions.
- Twisting or Rotational Movements: Sudden twisting or pivoting motions can lead to a bone bruise in the knee, especially if there is direct force involved.
Types of Bone Contusions in the Knee
- Superficial Contusion: A mild bone bruise affecting the surface of the bone, often leading to localized swelling and discomfort.
- Deep Contusion: A more severe bruise that penetrates deeper into the bone, often resulting in more significant pain, swelling, and longer recovery time.
- Bone Marrow Edema: This refers to fluid buildup within the bone tissue, typically seen in more severe contusions. It can cause significant pain and may take longer to heal.
Symptoms of Bone Contusions to the Knee
- Pain: Deep, aching pain at the site of the contusion, often aggravated by movement or pressure.
- Swelling: Noticeable swelling around the knee joint, which may develop quickly after the injury.
- Bruising: Discoloration of the skin due to blood accumulation under the skin, often appearing in a blue or purple color.
- Limited Range of Motion: Difficulty moving the knee due to pain or swelling.
- Tenderness: Increased sensitivity to touch around the injured area.
Treatment for bone contusions typically includes rest, ice, and elevation to reduce swelling and promote healing. Depending on the severity, physical therapy may also be recommended to restore knee function.
